<p>Several studies in Africa have identified socioeconomic and scheme-level factors that affect low enrollment in National Health Insurance Schemes (NHIS). Despite having significant healthcare needs, Uganda is the only East African country without an operational NHIS. Until March 2020, discussions were ongoing about the proposed NHIS, particularly its expected enrollment. We assess the importance of different design attributes of an NHIS in Kampala, Uganda, in order to understand the associated trade-offs.</p>