<p>Folic acid, Vitamin B12 and in few instances Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies has been implicated in Neural tube defects (NTDs). NTDs are defects of the brain, spine, or spinal cord that occur early during pregnancy and the two most common neural tube defects are spina bifida and anencephaly. Worldwide, more than 300,000 babies are born with NTDs each year resulting in approximately 88,000 deaths and 8.6 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). In Nigeria, there is paucity of literature reporting NTDs due to the absence of a comprehensive register of pregnancies affected by NTDs.</p>