Leptospirosis is an endemic disease which directly associates with the environment and animal reservoir. Seasonal rainfall in tropical regions, floods, contaminated waters and rodent population may trigger an outbreak or high incidence. Mauritius, being a tropical island, records on average 40 positive cases of leptospirosis per year. The aim of this field work is to analyze retrospectively the incidence of leptospirosis in Mauritius by determining its distribution by gender, age, season and region. Hence, establishing an effective surveillance system with a one-health approach for prevention and control of leptospirosis.