Newcastle disease is a highly contagious and often serious worldwide disease that affects birds, especially domestic poultry. It is caused by viruses belonging to the avian paramyxovirus serotype 1APMV-1. The Newcastle disease is a mild zoonosis, the disease is manifested in humans by transient conjunctivitis and respiratory disorders.  As of March 11, 2023, cases of high mortality of chickens in household poultry farms in Bukirasaki commune in Gitega province were reported. The issue was investigated to determine the extent of the problem, to describe signs presented by poultry, to identify possible cause of poultries mortality so as to institute control measures. 