<p>Bacteriuria is the presence of significant bacteria in the absence of signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). The presence of bacteria in urine for both pregnant and lactating HIV-infected women can cause serious complications for women and fetuses for pregnant women. We determined the etiology, antimicrobial susceptibility testing patterns and factors associated with bacteriuria in HIV-infected women attending Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) clinic at Bukoba Municipality.</p>